![]() The primary aims are to restore form and function. ![]() Reconstruction of the facial skeleton is a complex task with a number of aims that the surgeon must consider. Recent years have seen the exponential growth in the use of these systems with improvements in intra-operative time, ease of use and cost. It then allows for the manufacture of adjuncts to surgery such as cutting guides and patient specific plates, which aim to reduce operative time and increase accuracy of reconstruction. ![]() Three-dimensional (3D) planning, also referred to as virtual surgical planning (VSP) or computer aided design/computer aided manufacture (CAD/CAM), has evolved to allow surgeons to digitally plan resection and reconstruction to a high degree of precision. This period has seen the development and rapid evolution of digital systems to aid in surgical planning and treatment. Head and neck reconstruction has undergone significant evolution over the last 20–30 years.
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